The identification of jewellery and jade jewelry is inseparable from effective identification tools and instruments. Generally speaking, an experienced quality inspector can solve many problems with a 10x magnifying glass, but in order to make it more accurate and comprehensive, the quality is combined. The actual work needs of the inspector should generally be equipped with some auxiliary testing tools and instruments. Some commonly used jewellery and jade testing tools and instruments are listed below.

1, scorpion

2, 10 times magnifying glass:

A 10x magnifying glass is an indispensable tool for identifying gems. In fact, quality inspectors use them when identifying many types of items. The 10x magnifying glass is composed of three lenses. The qualified 10x magnifying glass should have high definition and eliminate the spherical aberration and chromatic aberration that affect the observed gemstone. When using, hold the magnifying glass with one hand and place it close to the front of one eye. The other hand uses the index finger and thumb to pinch the jewelry bracket (if the bare stone should use the gemstone tweezers) and close to the magnifying glass until the eyes can Clearly observed gems. For loose diamonds, use tweezers to carefully clamp to prevent falling. The average 10x magnifying glass is about tens of dollars, and the better one is only a hundred yuan.

3. The concentrating pen flashlight is used as a lighting tool and can be used as an illumination power source in the identification. It is very important for observing the gem surface and internal inclusions and structures. This is a consumable item. General gemstone lovers and sellers will also have a flashlight.

4, refractometer

The refractometer is an important gem identification instrument designed to read the refractive index of the gemstone to be tested without loss, speed and accuracy. Each gemstone has its corresponding refractive index, such as jadeite is 1.66, ruby ​​and sapphire is 1.762~1.770, aquamarine is 1.577~1.583, tourmaline is 1.624~1.644 and so on. By accurately measuring the refractive index of the gemstone, it is possible to determine generally what gemstone the gemstone to be tested may be, and then combine other identification means to determine the gem species.

5. Gem microscope:

Gem microscope is generally one of the necessary identification and testing instruments for gemological laboratory. It has a wide range of uses. The surface and internal features of gemstones magnified by gem microscope can be seen at a glance. Gem microscope is dark-field illumination through built-in light source. The field illumination method and the vertical illumination method work to observe the gemstone. The magnification is generally 10 to 70 times. It has a great effect on the distinction between natural gemstones and synthetic gemstones and imitation gemstones. Very effective, in the gemological professional identification room, the gem microscope can also measure the approximate refractive index and absorption spectrum of some gemstones and the photomicrography of gemstones. Because of its relatively high price, it can be equipped according to the actual situation.

6, polarizer

Polarizers play an important role in identifying homogeneous, heterogeneous and aggregates. For example, garnet is a homogeneous body. It should be rotated under the polarizer. The ruby ​​is a non-homogeneous body. The rotation under the polarizer should be a dark phenomenon. The jade is a polycrystalline aggregate. The rotation under the polarizer should be the full brightness of the field of view.

7, Charles filter

The Charles filter consists of two color filters, which are characterized by the fact that the color filter only passes through the deep red and yellow-green light, while the other light is absorbed. Charles filters were first used to distinguish between natural emeralds and their imitations, because emeralds are red under the color filter, while other green imitation gemstones are still green. In addition, the detection of artificially dyed gemstones and synthetic gemstones is relatively practical, such as dyed jade and blue glass appear red under the color filter, but some gemstones are not too obvious under the color filter, such as dyed quartzite. The color change under the color filter is not obvious, therefore, the identification result of the Charles filter is generally only a reference effect.

The third-generation Charles filter, because of its special lens, is made of glass that never fades, so we don't have to worry about one day seeing the dyed jade, and the special glass itself deepens the filter. The color effect can also be seen for some very light stains. In addition, it is also very user-friendly plus a set of 30 times wide-angle optical gem magnifying glass, which makes it easier for collectors to observe the jade, the internal structure of the gemstone and the quality of the engraving process. Optical properties: transmission of deep red light and a small amount of yellow-green light, absorbing green light and other colored light. Because of its transmission color and absorption of light, it has provided us with great help in identifying various dyed green gemstones and blue gemstones, especially the dyeing of pseudo-seed dyed leather and antique jade in Hetian jade. It saves a lot of opportunities for collectors.

8, UV fluorescent lamps:

The function of the UV fluorescent lamp is to detect whether the gemstone has fluorescence and phosphorescence. The natural ruby ​​shows a very beautiful red under the ultraviolet fluorescent lamp. Most of the diamonds also have fluorescent display of various colors under the ultraviolet lamp, such as orange, yellow, green, Blue and purple, while some gems are not fluorescent, such as sapphire, garnet, etc., which can play a certain enlightening role in gem identification.

UV lamps can also help identify gemstone varieties, identify certain natural gemstones and synthetic gemstones, identify diamonds and their imitations, determine whether gemstones have been artificially optimized, and identify the origin of certain natural gemstones.

9, electronic balance

Used to measure the specific gravity of gemstones, different gemstones have different densities, such as ruby ​​and sapphire with a specific gravity of about 4, jadeite of 3.34, and nephrite of 2.95. Sometimes measuring only the gemstone's specific gravity is very effective for identifying gemstones, but Because it is bulky, it is impossible to carry it with you, so it has limitations.

12, strong light flashlight

The glare flashlight is easy to carry and easy to carry, and is a must-have tool for employees in the jewelry industry.

All of the above instruments are commonly used in gem identification. These instruments are also available in various appraisal centers, but in real life, it is impossible for us to take these instruments to the jewelry market to measure and then identify the gemstones and true when buying jewelry. Pseudo, so for the identification of jewelry, it is very important to cultivate the first sight. That is to say, when we see a gemstone, we must be able to basically determine what gemstone it is. This is a feeling that requires long-term experience accumulation. Many sellers have also cultivated this ability in long-term operations. For example, some jade sellers have not received any training, but long-term battles are on the front line of the jade trade. They also have accumulated considerable jade identification experience, and can not borrow any instruments. Identification of authenticity, this kind of eyesight, some professional jewelry appraisers are also self-satisfied.